Is Just Culture the same as a culture without blame?

No. A complete ’no blame’ model can leave responsibility and unacceptable behavior out of the picture. Just Culture seeks a fair boundary between behavior from which the organization must learn and behavior from which it should address a person.

The first question is not ‘who can we punish?’, but ‘what happened, why did this action seem logical at the time and what circumstances played a role?’. Only then does the question arise whether the behavior fell within the previously known and consistently applied limits.