How does Just Culture distinguish between mistakes and reckless behavior?

Human error is unintentional. Risky behavior can arise because someone underestimates a risk, an unsafe habit has become normal or goals conflict with each other. Reckless conduct involves a conscious and serious disregard of an obvious risk. Intentionally harmful actions form yet another category.

These words are not automatic outcomes. A careful investigation looks at training, available information, workload, technical design, procedures, previous signals and how others acted in the same situation. The severity of the damage alone does not prove that the conduct was reckless.